What vitamin deficiency can result from Isoniazid treatment?

Isoniazid, a commonly used antibiotic for treating tuberculosis, has a well-documented association with pyridoxine deficiency, which is vitamin B6. This occurs because isoniazid interferes with the metabolic processes of vitamin B6, ultimately leading to its depletion in the body. This deficiency can manifest in various symptoms, including peripheral neuropathy, which is a common side effect observed in patients receiving isoniazid treatment.

Pyridoxine plays an essential role in numerous physiological functions, including the synthesis of neurotransmitters and the proper functioning of hemoglobin. Therefore, monitoring and supplementing vitamin B6 in patients undergoing isoniazid therapy are crucial to prevent neuropathic complications.

In contrast, the other vitamins mentioned do not have the same association with isoniazid. For instance, while vitamin B12 and folic acid are crucial for various metabolic processes, isoniazid specifically impacts vitamin B6 metabolism. Vitamin D, while important for bone health and immune function, is not affected by isoniazid treatment to the same extent as pyridoxine. Thus, the correct answer highlights the importance of recognizing the specific nutritional deficiencies that can arise from certain medications like isoniazid.